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中国西部环境和生态科学研究计划 >
2001年资助项目 >
内蒙古河套灌区浅层地下水动态变化的生态环境效应 >
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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/2239/1121
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| Title: | 内蒙古河套灌区土地利用变化及其景观生态效应 |
| Authors: | Zhang, Yinhui(张银辉)
Luo, Yi(罗毅)
Liu, Jiyuan(刘纪远)
Zhuang, Dafang(庄大方) |
| Keywords: | 内蒙古河套灌区(Hetao irrigated areas)
土地利用变化(Land use change)
景观生态效应(Landscape Ecological effects) |
| Issue Date: | Mar-2005 |
| Publisher: | 《资源科学》2005，27(2)：141-146． |
| Abstract: | [中文摘要]：土地利用变化的环境效应在相关研究领域的重要性日益显著。本文利用1985年和2000年土地利用数据,借助GIS软件ArcInfo和ArcView和景观格局分析软件包FRAGSTATS等软件,分别对内蒙古河套灌区的土地利用变化总体特征、速度、变化过程、景观级别的动态特征以及景观生态效应进行了分析。结果表明:灌区内的土地利用以农牧为主,15年间,土地利用结构没有发生很大变化,反映了以农牧用地为主的特征;耕地减少,草地增加,表明近年来灌区所采取的退耕还草措施正在取得成效;而未利用土地的面积增加,说明灌区的土地利用率降低。在景观级别上,景观变化主要表现在景观呈破碎化趋势,景观多样性有所提高,斑块类型趋于离散。5个旗、市(县)的景观变化各具特点,但在景观破碎程度上都呈上升趋势。土地利用变化主要产生了生境质量下降、边缘效应显著、土地退化和湿地生态环境恶化等景观生态效应,应采取有效措施进行治理,促进灌区经济和生态环境的良性发展。
[英文摘要]：Environmental effects of land use change will become increasingly important in ecological researches. Based on land use data in 1985 and 2000 in Hetao irrigated areas, land use change map was made and land use transition matrix was calculated with the help of GIS software ArcINFO and ArcView. Based on these two results, the amount, rate and processes of land use change were analyzed. The changes of landscape metrics were analyzed using the landscape structure analysis program FRAGSTATS. The results are as follows: First, the area of arable land decreased by (59 051.2)hm~2 while the area of grassland increased by (37 139.08) hm~2, which indicated the measure of withdrawal from arable land to grassland has taken effect; barren land increased by 18 095.04hm~2, which showed a reduction in land-use ratio; the annual land use change rate in 15 years period is 0.23 percent, arable land reduced by 0.64 percent, and grassland and barren land increased by 0.43 percent and 0.36 percent respectively. Second, land use structure changed little , and arable land and grassland remained as the main land use ,accounting for 65.94 percent and 5.13 percent in 1985 and 2000 respectively , which was determined by the specific natural conditions in Hetao irrigated areas. As for the grassland resources, high-density
grassland accounted for 1.40 percent and 1.44 percent in 1985 and 2000 respectively , which would impede further development of animal agriculture. Third, the results showed an increasing landscape fragmentation process, increasing landscape diversity and irregularity of patch shape. Five counties (city) had their own landscape dynamics, but four showed an increasing landscape fragmentation process except Hangjin Hou County. Finally, land use change has caused distinct landscape ecological effects, such as environmental quality deterioration , edge effects intensification , land degradation and wetland degradation. Measures should be taken to improve the environment and stimulate the development of local economy. |
| URI: | http://seekspace.resip.ac.cn/handle/2239/1121 |
| Appears in Collections: | 科学论文
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| 内蒙古河套灌区土地利用变化及其景观生态效应.pdf | | 326Kb | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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